下沉式地铁车辆段环境噪声特性试验研究

Experimental study on ambient noise characteristics of sinking metro depot

针对下沉式地铁车辆段环境噪声问题,采用问卷调查与现场实测相结合的方法,对下沉式地铁车辆段环境噪声特性开展研究。结果表明:通风噪声是下沉式地铁车辆段主要噪声源,其次为列车噪声;办公区域噪声强度超出标准限值3~5 dB(A),其中1000 Hz左右中频段噪声带给人的烦恼度最高;检修库内存在严重低频噪声,尽管各测点均未超过标准限值,但由于风机长期24 h运行,仍会引起员工不舒适感;上盖司机公寓内二次结构噪声强度不满足环境标准限值要求,对公寓居民睡眠产生不良影响;结构振动噪声具有明显的低频特征,主要对16~250 Hz起作用,其中250 Hz频段超标最严重。

Aiming at the problem of environmental noise generated in the sinking metro depot,a combination method of questionnaire survey and field measurement was used to study the environmental noise characteristics of the sinking metro depot.The results showed that the ventilation noise was the main noise source of sinking metro depot,followed by the train noise.The noise intensity in the office area exceeded the standard limits by 3~5 dB,and among which,the mid-frequency noise around 1000 Hz brought the highest annoying degree to people.There was a serious low-frequency noise influence in the maintenance garage,and although all the measurement points did not exceed the standard limit,the long-term 24-hour operation of the ventilator would still cause discomfort to the employees.The noise intensity of the secondary structure in the upper driver’s apartment exceeded the environmental standard limit,which would affect the sleep of the residents in the apartment.The noise caused by the structural vibration mainly affected 16~250 Hz,with obvious low-frequency characteristics,and among them,250 Hz was the frequency band with the most serious violation,which should be paid more attention in the subsequent noise control.