近代长江上游城市重庆的水上救生事业探赜——以巴县档案为中心

Research on the Aquatic Rescue Service in Chongqing in Modern Times——Centered on Ba County Archives

清代重庆发展成为长江上游最大的商贸流通中心,与优越的水文条件密切相关。然而,川江又以险滩林立、急流奔腾著名。到清末民初,为保障行旅安全,推动经济持续发展,重庆水上救生事业得以迅速发展,呈现出官府持续增设救生红船,士绅初创拯溺善堂的局面。通过对以上两种救生载体的运作及救生效果等内容的详细考察,窥探在近代中国大变局的时代,重庆地方政府为防止以士绅为核心的地域社会发展,借由政治资源广泛介入慈善救生活动,以实现强化政治生活,加强基层管理的目标。

Relying on the superior hydrological conditions,Chongqing developed into the largest commercial circulation center in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the Qing dynasty.However,Chuanjiang river was also famous for its dangerous shoal and rapids.In order to ensure the safety of travel and promote the sustainable development of the economy,the local aquatic rescue service developed rapidly,showing the coexistence of the government-led life-saving red boats and the gentry’s founding of the life-saving hall.Through detailed inspection of the operation,management and life-saving effects of the above two life-saving carriers,the author concludes that in the era of great changes in modern China the local government of Chongqing extensively intervened in the charity life-saving activities by means of political resources to prevent the formation of a regional society centered on the gentry so as to realize the goal of strengthening political life and grassroots management.