强化互动教育模式干预对2型糖尿病并骨质疏松患者健康知识水平遵医行为的影响

Effect of strengthening interactive education mode intervention on the health knowledge level and compliance behavior of patients with T2DM and osteoporosis

目的:观察强化互动教育模式对2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并骨质疏松患者健康知识、遵医行为及心理状态的影响。方法:选取2017年1月至2019年8月某院收治的120例2型糖尿病骨质疏松患者,采取随机数字表法将其分为两组,各60例,对照组使用常规护理干预法,观察组在其基础上应用强化互动教育模式,比较两组干预前后空腹血糖(FBG)与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平、健康知识评分、自我效能评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,并观察两组遵医行为情况。结果:干预6个月后,观察组FBG、HbA1c水平明显低于对照组(t=4.556,8.705;P<0.001);观察组健康知识评分明显高于对照组,SAS明显低于对照组(t=6.831,3.938;P<0.001);观察组摄钙效能、运动效能与自我效能总分明显高于对照组(t=3.467,3.405,4.611;P<0.001);观察组6个月内自我监测、运动、饮食控制、药物使用以及按时检查遵医率明显高于对照组(χ^(2)=5.829,5.763,5.400,6.136,9.855;P<0.05)。结论:对T2DM合并骨质疏松患者采取强化互动教育模式,可有效提高其健康知识水平,改善其心态,增加自我效能,促进遵医行为自觉性提升,具有积极应用价值。

Objective:To observe the effect of intensive interactive education model of intervention on health knowledge,compliance behaviors and psychological states of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and osteoporosis.Methods:A total of 120 patients with T2 DM and osteoporosis who were treated in the hospital between January 2017 and August 2019 were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups by random number table method,60 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing intervention.On this basis,the observation group received intensive interactive education model of intervention.Levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),health knowledge scores,self-efficacy scores,the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)scores were compared between two groups before and after intervention.The compliance behavior of both groups was observed.Results:After 6 months of intervention,levels of FBG and HbA1 c in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=4.556,8.705;P<0.001).The health knowledge score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(t=6.831,P<0.001),SAS scores were significantly lower than those of the control group(t=3.938,P<0.001).The total scores of calcium intake efficiency,exercise efficiency and self-efficacy of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(t=3.467,3.405,4.611;P<0.001).The compliance rates of self-monitoring,exercise,diet control,drug use and on-time examination in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(χ^(2)=5.829,5.763,5.400,6.136,9.855;P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of intensive interactive education model in patients with T2DM and osteoporosis can effectively improve their health knowledge and psychological states,increase self-efficacy,and promote the self-consciousness of compliance behavior.