解释学在何种意义上与日常语言哲学相通——介于伽达默尔与维特根斯坦之间

The Link between Hermeneutics and Ordinary Language Philosophy:from Gadamer to Wittgenstein

科学实证主义与欧洲大陆人本主义在哲学主题和性质上是截然不同的两大哲学派系,而作为两大哲学派系代表性人物的维特根斯坦和伽达默尔思想之间,却产生了值得重视的"汇通"或"聚合"现象。在语言哲学转向大背景中,语言意义理解和分析构成伽达默尔与维特根斯坦共同的哲学论题与思想基础,语言中心论地位不再是一种类似于洪堡式的陈旧方式陈述,而是在语言实践性和人的实践哲学反思上得以重新确认,理解是一个游戏事件,语言游戏思想是人的存在事实经验上的实践性具体化展开。语言意义问题与事物存在本身之间的共在性思考,即在是否具有事物存在本身的普遍意义之形而上学上,则依旧表现出了伽达默尔与维特根斯坦语言哲学的根本性区别。作为一个个案事实,存在于伽达默尔与维特根斯坦思想间的相通性,既由解释学与日常语言哲学的内在联系引发出关于传统哲学性质和方向的思考,也由两位哲学家"聚合"的方式和意义激发出关于科学主义与人本主义两大哲学派系走向乃至人类未来哲学发展的长远深思,并昭示出实践哲学抑或会成为人们一切知识和活动的思想基础与哲学方向。

The phenomenon of"convergence"between Gadamer and Wittgenstein,two representatives of the two schools,arouses the scholars’attention.In the context of the turn of philosophy of language,the understanding and analysis of language meaning constitute the common philosophical object and theoretical foundation for Gadamer and Wittgenstein.Language centralism is no longer an old statement similar to Humboldts"the view of language is the view of the world",but a reconfirmation through the practicality of language and the reflection of human practical philosophy.Understanding is an event and language game is a practical embodiment of human existence.The thinking between language meaning and the existence of things still shows the fundamental difference between Gadamer and Wittgensteins language philosophy in metaphysics,i.e.whether there is the universal meaning or common meaning of the existence of things themselves.As a case in point,the interlinkage of Gadamer and Wittgensteins thoughts will not only lead to the reflection on the nature and direction of traditional philosophy from the internal connection between hermeneutics and philosophy of ordinary language,but also stimulate the long-term contemplation about the direction of scientism and humanism and the development of human philosophy in the future as well.Based on the above this paper argues that practical philosophy may become the ideological basis and philosophical direction of all peoples knowledge and activities.