新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)快速诊断技术的研究现状

Research progress on rapid diagnostic techniques of SARS-CoV-2

新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)及相关新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的爆发引起人们对全球健康问题的极大关注,也给全球经济造成了巨大损失。由于SARS-CoV-2具有较长潜伏期及无症状感染者的出现使疫情形势更加严峻,因而对可疑病例进行早期诊断和及时管控是控制病毒传播的重要措施。开发简单、快速、灵敏、准确的SARS-CoV-2诊断技术是疫情防控的关键。本文对SARS-CoV-2的结构进行了简单介绍,对目前常用的SARS-CoV-2诊断技术的研究现状进行了详细介绍,并对有望应用于即时医疗的检测技术进行了概述,对未来的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为研究人员开发高度准确、廉价、便携的SARSCoV-2诊断技术提供研究思路,为COVID-19及其他新兴传染病的紧急防御和快速部署提供参考。

The outbreak of severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2( SARS-CoV-2) and related coronavirus disease 2019( COVID-19) has aroused people’s great attention to global health issues and caused serious loss to the global economy. The long incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of asymptomatic infections make the epidemic situation more severe,so early diagnosis of suspicious cases is an important measure to control the spread of the virus. The development of simple,rapid,sensitive and accurate SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic technology is the key to epidemic prevention and control. This article gives a brief introduction to the structure of SARS-CoV-2,a detailed introduction to the current research status of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic technology,and an overview of diagnostic techniques that are expected to be applied to point of care testing. The development trend is prospected,with a view to provide ideas for researchers to develop highly accurate,cheap,and portable SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic techniques,and to provide a reference for emergency defense and rapid deployment of COVID-19 and other emerging infectious diseases.