龙脑樟挥发油化学成分、抗烟草花叶病毒及抑菌活性研究

Chemical Composition,Anti-tobacco Mosaicvirus and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil of Cinnamomum Camphora Chvar.Borneol

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从龙脑樟的叶和茎中提取挥发油,通过气相色谱-氢火焰离子化法(GC-FID)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对其化学成分进行鉴定,用归一化法测定挥发油中各组分的相对百分含量,并评价其抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV)和抗菌活性。从龙脑樟叶的挥发油中共分离鉴定了28种挥发性化合物,其中d-冰片含量最高,达到68.45%,其他主要成分为樟脑(14.22%)、异丁香烯(4.65%)和(E)-β-石竹烯(2.00%)等;茎挥发油分离鉴定了17种成分,主要成分是d-冰片(64.02%)、樟脑(17.60%)和异丁香烯(5.39%)等。龙脑樟挥发油对TMV有抑制作用,在100μg/mL时抑制率达56.9%;对金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、烟曲霉和白色念珠菌均有较强的抑制作用,对烟曲霉的抑制能力最强,MIC值为31.3μg/mL。

The essential oil is extracted from the leaves and stems of Cinnamomum camphora by steam distillation,and its chemical composition is identified by gas chromatography-hydrogen flame ionization(GC-FID)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)techniques.The normalization method was used to determine the relative percentage of each component in the essential oil,and evaluate its anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)and antibacterial activities.A total of 28 volatile compounds were isolated and identified from the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora leaves.Among them,the content of d-borneol was the highest,reaching 68.45%.The other main components were camphor(14.22%),isobutene(4.65%)and(E)-β-caryophyllene(2.00%).17 components of stem essential oil were separated and identified.The main components were d-borneol(64.02%),camphor(17.60%)and isobutene(5.39%).The essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora had an inhibitory effect on TMV,with an inhibition rate of 56.9%at 100μg/mL.It also had a strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus cereus,Escherichia coli,Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans.The inhibitory ability against Aspergillus fumigatus was among the highest with an MIC value of 31.3μg/mL.