基于遥感技术的不透水面动态变化研究:以瑞丽市为例

Dynamic change of impervious surface based on remote sensing technology:A case study of Ruili City

不透水面指数可以有效地衡量一个地区城市化水平.城市规模扩大使更多的不透水面取代了以植被为代表的自然透水面景观,导致城市暴雨涝灾和生态环境等安全隐患,引发了社会和学界的普遍关注.如何精准快速地掌握不透水面的时空分布,是城市管理规划、环境保护亟待解决的现实问题.随着遥感技术的发展,其速度快、范围大、多尺度、可重复的对地观测优势为解决不透水面信息的提取提供了较好的解决方案.遥感技术提取不透水面信息可以快速了解城市的动态变化发展.以瑞丽市为研究区,采用V-H-L-S模型对透水面进行掩膜,较为准确、快速地提取2014年和2018年的不透水面信息,检验正确率达到92%以上,Kappa系数>0.8.结果表明,V-H-L-S模型可以有效地评估瑞丽市的城市发展速度,该市4年来不透水面呈现出扩大的趋势,面积扩大了40.11%;瑞丽市不透水面分布不均匀,主要分布在该市的南部.

Impervious surface index can effectively measure the level of urbanization in a region.At the same time,because of the expansion of urban scale,more impervious surface replaces the natural permeable landscape previously covered with vegetation,which,in cities,leads to rainstorm,water logging,ecological environmental security risks,arousing widespread concern of society and academia.How to accurately and quickly grasp the temporal and spatial distributions of impervious surface is a practical problem to be solved in urban management planning and environmental protection.Some progress has been made in remote sensing technology in recent years.Its advantages of fast speed,large range,multi-scale and repeatable earth observation provide a good solution to the problem of impervious surface extraction information that,based on remote sensing technology,can help people quickly understand the dynamic development of the city.Taking Ruili City as the study area,the V-H-L-S model is used to accurately and rapidly extract impervious surface information of 2014 and 2018 by masking the permeable surface.The test accuracy is more than 92%,and the Kappa coefficient is greater than 0.8.The results show that the V-H-L-S model can effectively evaluate the urban development speed of Ruili City.From 2014 to 2018,the impervious surface of Ruili City showed an expansion trend,and the City's area expanded by 40.11%.The impervious surface of Ruili City is unevenly distributed,mainly in the southern part of the city.