我国基因隐私权的法律缺位--兼评《民法典》第1009条的基因权利保护

The Absence of Law on Genetic Privacy in China--Also about the Protection of Genetic Right in Article 1009 of Civil Code

2020年《中华人民共和国民法典》出台,第1009条首次回应了基因技术热点问题,具有重大前沿价值,但仍应深刻检视基因隐私权的法律缺位难题。在此基础上,提出基因隐私权的保障路径:首先明确立法表述,确认法定地位;其次对权利进行主体限缩、客体确认和内容具体化;最后形成以私法保护为主、辅之公法救济手段的初步保障框架,以深化我国在基因技术时代对私主体隐私权的关切意识,将隐私权的保障细化至基因技术层面。

In the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China(thereafter referred to as Civil Code)promulgated in 2020,Article 1009 responded to the hot issues of genetic technology for the first time.The article is of great cutting-edge value,but the absence of law on genetic privacy should be thoroughly examined.On this basis,the way to protect the right of genetic privacy is proposed:first is to clarify the legislative expression and confirm the legal status;second is to restrict,the subject,confirm the object,and specify the content of the right;last is to form a preliminary protection system centering on private law protection with supplementary public law remedy to deepen national awareness of privacy rights of private subjects in the era of genetic technology,and to refine the protection of privacy rights to the level of genetic technology.