考虑自动驾驶平稳性的交叉口通行能力研究

Research on Intersection Capacity Considering the Stability of Autonomous Vehicles

为研究考虑自动驾驶平稳性的城市十字交叉口通行能力问题,建立了自动驾驶汽车模型,采用VISSIM软件对十字交叉口在混合交通流下的交通状况进行仿真实验,分析了不同自动驾驶汽车比例和驾驶偏好对十字交叉口的行程时间、平均车速和延误的影响规律。结果表明:在自动、手动驾驶汽车车速分别为30km/h和50km/h的场景下,增大自动驾驶汽车比例,平均车速下降且波动大,汽车行程时间与平均延误增加,延误由十字交叉口向外扩散;提高自动驾驶汽车车速至50km/h并改变信号配时,汽车行程时间最高缩短24%,平均车速提高且保持稳定,十字交叉口延误扩散情况得到改善;对比不同驾驶偏好的研究发现,限制最大加/减速度时,减小停车间距与车头时距能够提升十字交叉口通行能力。

In order to study the problem of intersection congestion considering the stability of autonomous driving,autonomous drive car model is established,and VISSIM software is used to simulate and analyze the congestion situation of intersections under mixed traffic flow.The influence of different proportions of autonomous vehicles and driving preferences on the travel time,average speed and delay of intersections are analyzed.The results show that in order to improve the stability of self-driving cars and limit their maximum acceleration/deceleration,under the scenarios where the speeds of automatic and manual driving cars are 30 km/h and 50 km/h respectively,when increase the proportion of self-driving cars,the average speed drops and the fluctuation is large,and the vehicle travel time and average delay increase,and the delay spreads from the intersection towards outer ring;when increase the speed of the self-driving car to 50 km/h and change the signal timing,the car travel time is shortened by up to 24%,and the average speed increase and remain stable,and the spread of delays at intersections is improved.After comparing the different drive performance,it is found that when the maximum acceleration/deceleration is limited,reducing the parking distance and the headway can improve the capacity of intersections.