教育、性别与侨乡社会——以20世纪早期广东台山女子教育为中心的考察

Education,Gender and the Society of Qiaoxiang:A Study of Women's Education in the Early 20th Century in Taishan,Guangdong Province

该文从教育、性别与侨乡社会的关系切入,考察20世纪早期女子教育在广东台山侨乡这一具体地域文化中实践的基本情况及其特点。随着台山地方社会经济演变,华侨家庭需要女性接受新式教育,海内外乡亲的社会动员是女子教育发展的重要因素,华侨捐赠办学的侨汇是女校得以维系的独特资源,女学生培养目标围绕侨乡经济结构和家庭生活的特点而展开。从台山女子教育的发展情况可见,女子教育不仅是新思潮、新学制影响的结果,而且是在乡土社会本身发生重大变化的情景中得以实践。

Starting from the relationship among education, gender and the society of Qiaoxiang(overseas Chinese hometown), this paper examines the characteristics of women’s education in Taishan Qiaoxiang, Guangdong Province, in the early 20 th century. After the evolution of the economy in Taishan, overseas Chinese families needed women to receive education. The social mobilization of Taishan local people and overseas people was an important factor in the development of women’s education. The donations from Taishan people overseas was a unique resource for schools. The educational goal for female students centered on the characteristics of local economic structure and family lives. Women’s education was not only the result of the new thoughts and new school system in modern China, but also can be viewed as the presentation of significant changes in the rural society.