表面改性剂增强玻纤/木塑复合材料力学性能研究

Study on Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Wood Plastic Composites Reinforced by Surface Modifier

探究优化玻璃纤维(GF)长度和含量,添加不同含量的硅烷偶联剂和马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯对玻璃纤维/木塑复合材料(GF/WPC)的冲击强度、拉伸强度和弯曲强度的影响。结果表明:复合材料中GF的临界长度为4 mm,拉伸强度和弯曲强度与未添加时比较分别提升11.16%和4.7%;最佳添加量为1.5%,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度与未添加GF比较分别提升10.8%、6.8%和28.3%;硅烷偶联剂添加量1.5%时,复合材料的力学性能达到峰值,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为24.5 MPa、36.2 MPa和13.3 k J/m^(2),与未添加GF相比分别增加6.6%、12.5%和15.3%;马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯表面处理后复合材料最大拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为26.5 MPa、38.9 MPa和14.8 kJ/m^(2),与未添加时提高27.4%、21.6%和23.3%,三项力学性能的提升幅度都比硅烷偶联剂要大,MAPE改善复合材料的力学性能优于KH550,加入表面活性剂对复合材料的结晶行为和热稳定性无明显影响。

The effects of optimizing the length and content of GF, adding silane coupling agent and maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene on the impact strength, tensile strength and bending strength of GF/WPC were investigated. The results show that the critical length of GF is 4 mm, the tensile strength and bending strength of the composites is increased by 11.16% and 4.7% respectively, and the optimum addition amount is 1.5%, which is 10.8%, 6.8% and 28.3% higher than that of WPC without GF. The results show that the optimum addition amount of silane coupling agent is 1.5%, which is10.8%, 6.8% and 28.3% higher than that of wood plastic composites without GF. When adding amount of silane coupling agent is 1.5%, the mechanical properties of the composites reach the peak which are 24.5 MPa, 36.2 MPa and 13.3 kJ/m^(2),respectively, and the tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength of the composites increases by 6.6%, 12.5%and 15.3% respectively compared with that without GF. The maximum tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength of the composites after surface treatment is 26.5 MPa, 38.9 MPa and 14.8 k J/m^(2), respectively, which is increased by 27.4%, 21.6% and 23.3% compared with those without adding maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene. The mechanical properties of the composites were improved by MAPE better than those by KH550. The addition of surfactant has not obvious effect on the crystallization behavior and thermal stability of the composites.