呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松林负氧离子浓度及其影响因子分析

Negative Oxygen Ion Concentration and Influencing Factors in Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Forest in Hulunbeier Sandy Land

为了更好地指导呼伦贝尔森林康养活动,选取呼伦贝尔典型的沙地樟子松为研究对象,利用12个月的连续负氧离子浓度、气温、空气湿度和风速等数据资料,分析研究呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松林内负氧离子浓度及其影响因子。结果表明:1)凌晨和下午2个时间段内的负氧离子浓度基本可以反应日内平均水平,呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松林内负氧离子浓度日内均值为1186个/cm3,符合林业标准所规定的空气负(氧)离子3级标准,可满足森林康养要求;2)林内负氧离子浓度日内表现出“双峰单谷”规律,即24:00负氧离子浓度最高,8:00负氧离子浓度最低,尽量避开早晨时间段进行森林康养活动;3)林内负氧离子浓度季节性特征表现为仲秋的空气质量最好,其次为春末至夏季,初春的空气质量最差;4)气象因素对林下负离子浓度影响程度不同,风速对林内负氧离子浓度的影响最大(P<0.01),空气湿度次之,气温对林内负氧离子浓度的影响较小,原因可能是半干旱区气候干燥,常绿针叶樟子松林郁闭度较大。

In order to guide the health care activities in forest in Hulunbeier,this study selected the typical Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica forest as research object,the data of negative oxygen ion(NOI),air-temperature,air-humidity and wind speed were collected to analyze the concentration of NOI and influencing factors.The results showed that 1)the concentrations of NOI in the early morning and the afternoon could reflect the daily average level.The daily mean concentration of NOI was 1186/cm3 in P.sylvestris var.mongolica forest,which met the grade 3 of clean air stipulated by national forestry standard,and met the requirements of health care activity in forest.2)The concentration of NOI presenteded a“double-peak and single valley”curve daily:highest at 24:00 p.m.,and lowest at 8:00 a.m.,indicating that the activities of health-care in forest should not carried out in the morning.3)The seasonal characteristics of NOI in the forest showed that the air quality was the best in mid-autumn,followed by the end of spring to summer,and the air quality was the worst in early spring.4)The meteorological factors had different effects on the concentration of NOI in the forest,and the speed-wind had the greatest impact on the concentration of NOI in the forest(P<0.01),followed by air humidity,however,air temperature had little effect due to the high degree of crown density of P.sylvestris var.mongolica forest in semi-arid area.