细菌反式翻译系统

Trans-translation System in Bacterial

反式翻译(trans-translation)是细菌翻译质量控制的关键,几乎存在于所有细菌之中。反式翻译系统由转移信使mRNA(tmRNA)和小蛋白B(SmpB)组成,能够拯救因翻译不终止mRNA (non-stop mRNA)而滞留的核糖体。此外,反式翻译还能够调控特定基因的表达水平,参与细菌的应激反应。概括了细菌反式翻译系统近年来最新的研究进展,阐明反式翻译识别与拯救滞留核糖体的分子机制,归纳了反式翻译的功能及应用前景,以期为相关研究提供参考。

Trans-translation is a key component of translation quality control system in bacteria,it almost exist in all bacteria.It consists of transfer messenger mRNA(tmRNA)and its chaperone protein small protein B(SmpB),which can rescue ribosomes that are trapped due to the translation of non-stop mRNA.In addition,trans-translation also regulates the expression of specific genes and is involved in certain stress responses of bacteria.In this review,we collected the latest research progress in trans-translation,explained the structural basis of tmRNA and SmpB in trans-translation,demonstrated the specific mechanism of trans-translation in the recognition and rescue of stalled ribosomes,and summarized the function of trans-translation and its application,which was expected to provide reference for related research.