流域生态补偿:理论基础与模式创新

Watershed Ecological Compensation: Theoretical Basis and Model Innovation

流域生态补偿是以水资源保护为主线,有效平衡流域经济发展与水质保护关系的经济激励手段。根据流域实际情况,因地制宜选取合适的流域生态补偿模式,对于我国开展流域水环境治理工作具有重要意义。目前流域生态补偿存在补偿主体不明晰、补偿标准测算方法不一致、补偿方式不灵活、补偿实施与受益不统一、补偿政策设计不完善等问题。为此,应明晰责任主体与水权归属,整合统一标准测算方法,灵活使用补偿方式,建立多元生态补偿机制,完善优化政策设计。

Watershed ecological compensation is an economic incentive means to effectively balance the relationship between watershed economic development and water quality protection.According to the actual situation of the basin,it is of great significance to select an appropriate basin ecological compensation model according to local conditions.At present,there are some problems in watershed ecological compensation,such as unclear compensation subject,inconsistent calculation methods of compensation standards,inflexible compensation methods,inconsistent compensation implementation and benefits,and imperfect policy design.Therefore,we should clarify the subject of responsibility and the ownership of water rights,summarize and unify the standard calculation methods,flexibly use the compensation methods,establish a diversified ecological compensation mechanism,and improve and optimize the policy and legal design.