塔里木盆地超深层走滑断裂断控大油气田的勘探发现与技术创新

Discovery and exploration technology of fault-controlled large oil and gas fields of ultra-deep formation in strike slip fault zone in Tarim Basin

塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩经历了潜山构造—礁滩相控—层间岩溶—断控缝洞体的勘探历程,近10年来在断控油气藏领域取得了勘探理论认识和技术创新。(1)创新形成超深层海相碳酸盐岩断裂控储成藏地质理论,建立坳陷区走滑断裂破碎带连片规模成储、分段差异富油的油藏模式,丰富和发展了碳酸盐岩油气成藏类型和富集规律认识,实现了坳陷区超深层走滑断裂断控油气藏勘探的重大突破;(2)创新形成了以高密度三维地震采集处理技术、小位移弱走滑断裂识别技术、走滑断裂带缝洞体储层识别技术等为核心的超深层走滑断控目标评价技术体系,形成了走滑断裂破碎带钻完井配套适用技术。通过地质认识的不断进步与关键技术的不断创新,碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探进入7500m以深的坳陷禁区,落实了约2×10^(4)km^(2)的超深层断控油气藏勘探领域,发现了地质储量规模达10亿吨级的超深层断控特大型油气田--富满油田。

The exploration of the Lower Paleozoic carbonates in Tarim Basin has experienced an arduous process from buried hill structure,reef flat facies-controlled reservoir,interstratal karst to fault-controlled fracture-vuggy type reservoir.In recent 10 years,new exploration theory and technology innovations have been achieved in the exploration field of fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs,including:(1)innovated geological theory of hydrocarbon accumulation in fault-controlled reservoir in ultra-deep marine carbonate rocks,and hydrocarbon accumulation pattern of“continuous and large-scale reservoir development,and segmented differential oil enrichment”in the strike slip fault fractured zone in depression area,promoting the understandings on hydrocarbon accumulation pattern and oil enrichment law of carbonate reservoir and enabling major breakthroughs in the exploration of fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs in strike slip fault zone in ultra-deep depression area;(2)innovated technology series of target evaluation of fault-controlled fracture-vuggy type reservoirs in ultradeep strike slip fault zone,with the focus of high-density 3D seismic acquisition and processing,identification of small-displacement and weak strike slip fault,and identification of fracture-vuggy type reservoir in strike slip fault zone,and applicable supporting technologies for well drilling and completion in strike slip fault zone.Benefiting from the theoretical and technological progress,the exploration of carbonate oil and gas reservoir has approached to the forbidden zone in depression area with depth of greater than 7500m,identifying an exploration frontier of ultra-deep fault-controlled oil and gas reservoirs with an area of 2×10^(4) km^(2),and discovering a giant one-billion-ton-level fault-controlled oilfield—Fuman Oilfield in ultra-deep strike slip fault zone in the central depression of Tarim Basin.