彝文经籍《祭龙经·祭彩虹经》中的敬畏自然观研究

On Reverence of Nature in Books in Yi language Worship Dragon Scriptures:Worship Rainbow Scriptures

敬畏自然是人与自然相处过程中形成的观念和态度,是一种既敬重又畏惧的观念。彩虹是一个绚丽且神秘的自然天象,在人们认知还未完全成熟时,会将当时发生的事象与彩虹的出现联系在一起,因此将彩虹拟人化出现很多形象,赋予了彩虹很多或吉祥或灾难的象征意义。在彝族传统意识中,认为彩虹是不吉的,对彩虹是敬畏的,《祭龙经·祭彩虹经》是流传于滇南彝族地区的彝文经籍,用于祭祀在当地象征不吉的彩虹,以达到趋避灾难的目的。解读其彝文经籍内容,从彩虹的种类、起源、祭祀等方面分析彝族对于彩虹这一自然现象的认知,分析他们对彩虹敬畏原因和认识自然的特点。

Reverence for nature is the concept and attitude formed in the process of human being getting along with nature,which is both respected and feared by people.When people’s cognition is not sound,they associate what happened with the appearance of the rainbow.In the traditional cognition of the Yi ethnic group,the rainbow is considered unlucky and people are in awe of the rainbow.Worship Dragon Scriptures:Worship Rainbow Scriptures is a document circulating in The Yi area in southern Yunnan Province.It is used to sacrifice the rainbow which symbolizes bad luck in order to avoid disasters.This paper analyzes the Yi ethnic groups’cognition of the rainbow as a natural phenomenon from the aspects of type,origin and sacrifice and analyzes the reasons for their awe of the rainbow and the characteristics of their understanding of nature.