威胁构式“你敢VP”研究

A Study on Threat Construction of“How Dare You VP”

通过BCC语料库查询构式 "你敢VP"得到352条语料,对语料进行分析后发现,"你敢VP"作为威胁言语行为构式而存在,其语义类型分为询问、陈述、威胁三种,其中VP的准入条件可以是动词、词组、句子。当构式只表示威胁义时,语境、权势关系与话语权的掌握、说话人的心理因素都会制约威胁因素的选择。基于此得出的结论是,"你敢VP"可以作为威胁言语行为的话语标记,它依附于意图性言语行为--威胁而存在。在此构式中,说话人威胁到了听话人的消极面子。

352 entities of corpus are obtained by BCC corpus query structure"how dare you VP".After analyzing the corpus,it is found that"how dare you VP"exists as a threat speech act structure,and its semantic types are divided into three types:inquiry,statement and threat.The access conditions of VP can be verbs,phrases and sentences.When the construction only represents threat meaning,the context,power relationship,the mastery of discourse power and the speaker’s psychological factors will restrict the choice of threat factors.The conclusion is that"how dare you VP"can be used as a speech marker to threaten speech act,which is dependent on intentional speech act threat.In this structure,the speaker threatens the negative face of the listener.