产科“课堂式”健康教育对二胎待产孕妇妊娠相关知识储备、分娩方式及妊娠结局的影响

The influence of"classroom"health education in obstetric department on on pregnancy related knowledge reserve,delivery mode and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women waiting for their second child

目的探究产科"课堂式"健康教育对二胎待产孕妇妊娠相关知识储备、分娩方式及妊娠结局的影响。方法选择2020年4—8月在本院就诊并待产的148例二胎孕妇作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组和干预组两组,每组各74例。对照组进行常规护理与宣教,干预组在对照组的基础上行"课堂式"健康教育,两组干预时间均为初次产检至分娩结束。对比两组孕前知识知晓率、孕期知识储备水平、分娩方式以及妊娠结局的差异。结果干预后,两组孕妇对于优生检查、健康检查、遗传病筛查及风险评估的知晓率均较干预前明显提高(P<0.05),且干预组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组干预后孕期营养、产检时间、合并症危害、分娩技巧及母乳喂养的知识储备水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。实际分娩中,干预组阴道分娩率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组总产程显著短于对照组,其产后抑郁、出血及胎儿窘迫的发生率明显低于对照组,Apgar评分明显更高(P<0.05)。结论对二胎待产孕妇进行"课堂式"健康教育,可明显提高其关于孕期相关知识的知晓率和知识储备水平,提高自然生产率,改善妊娠结局。

Objective To explore the effects of obstetric"classroom"health education on pregnancy related knowledge reserve,delivery mode and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women waiting for their second child.Methods From April to August in 2020,148 pregnant women will give their second birth in our hospital were selected as the research objects.They were divided into control group and intervention group according to random number table method,with 74 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and education,while the intervention group received"classroom"health education on the basis of the control group.The intervention time for both groups was from the first prenatal examination to the end of childbirth.The knowledge awareness rate before pregnancy,knowledge reserve level during pregnancy,delivery mode and pregnancy outcome were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the awareness rates of maternal health examination,health examination,genetic disease screening and risk assessment in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before intervention(P<0.05),and those of the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The knowledge reserve levels of nutrition,antenatal examination time,complications harm,delivery skills and breastfeeding in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention(P<0.05).In actual delivery,the vaginal delivery rate in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total length of labor in the intervention group was significantly shorter than that in the control group,the incidence of postpartum depression,bleeding and fetal distress was significantly lower than that in the control group,and Apgar score was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Classroom health education for pregnant women who are expecting their second child could obviously improve their awareness rate and knowledge reserve level of pregnancy related knowledge,increase natural productivity and improve pregnancy outcome.