铁矿充填剩余空区地表建筑建设适宜性评价方法

Study on Suitability Evaluation of Surface Building Construction above Residual Space after Filling in Iron Mine

为了评价张马屯铁矿采空区充填剩余空区地表建设的适宜性,通过现场实测、理论分析和经验类比相结合的研究方法,分析了小片采空区、连片采空区和上下两层采空区3种不同类型充填剩余空区的顶板稳定性,划分了地表不同程度残余变形区域,研究了建筑物载荷影响深度与覆岩破坏高度的相对关系,分析了地表监测点沉降特征,评价了建筑建设适宜性,并提出了建设场地安全保障措施。研究表明:张马屯铁矿剩余空区顶板稳定,不会发生大面积塌陷,建设场地地表75.8%区域内建筑受到I级轻微损坏变形,15.6%区域内建筑受到Ⅱ级轻度损坏变形,危险程度较低,地表新增360 kPa建筑荷载对剩余空区稳定性无影响,地表整体沉降较小,剩余空区稳定性较好,建设场地进行工程建设(建筑高度36 m以下)的适宜性较好。

In order to evaluate the suitability of surface building which constructed above the residual space after filling in Zhangmatun Iron Mine gob,the research methods that combined field measurements,theoretical analysis and empirical analogy were used,and the roof stability of residual space of three different types(including small,contiguous and up and down two layers of goaf) of gob was analyzed,and the residual deformation areas of different degrees of surface were divided,moreover,the relative relationship between the affected depth by building load and the failure height of overburden was studied,and the settlement characteristics of surface monitoring points were analyzed,then the construction suitability of building was evaluated and the safety guarantee measures for the construction site were proposed.The results showed that the roof of the residual space of the gob is stable without large-scale collapse,75.8 % of the regional of the buildings in the construction site are subject to grade Ⅰ slight damage and deformation,and another 15.6 % of which are subject to grade Ⅱ slight damage and deformation,thus,the damage risk of buildings is low.There had no effect on the stability of the gob when the building load added to 360 kPa,the overall settlement of the surface is small,so the stability of the residual space of the gob is good,and the suitability for buildings construction(the building height below 36 m) is good.