膜蒸馏用中空纤维膜制备技术的研究进展

Progress on Preparation Technologies of Hollow Fiber Membranes for Membrane Distillation

作为一种热驱动的膜分离技术,膜蒸馏以其较低的操作要求及极高的截留率而成为极具开发潜力的膜分离技术之一。然而,较低的渗透通量和抗润湿性限制了膜蒸馏技术的广泛发展和应用。除了优化设计膜蒸馏工艺,疏水性多孔分离膜的研究成为关键解决途径。具有高比表面积的疏水性中空纤维膜以其自支撑结构及其组件的设计灵活性而成为膜蒸馏技术中应用较广的一种分离膜。文中从中空纤维膜材料的选择和开发、常规和新型纺丝方法及后处理等方面对近些年膜蒸馏用中空纤维膜制备技术进行综述,并对其制备方法中亟待深入研究的内容和应用前景进行了展望。

As one kind of heat-driven membrane technology,membrane distillation has become one of the most promising membrane separation technologies because of its low operating requirements and high rejection rate.However,the low permeation flux and anti-wettability limit the wide development and application of membrane distillation technology.In addition to optimizing the design of membrane distillation process,the study of hydrophobic porous membrane has become a key solution.The hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane with high specific surface area has become one of the widely used separation membranes in membrane distillation due to its self-supporting structure and flexible design of membrane modules.In this paper,the preparation technologies of hollow fiber membrane for membrane distillation in recent years were reviewed from five aspects,including the selection and development of hollow fiber membrane materials,conventional and new spinning methods,post-treatment.In addition,the contents deserving further studies in the preparation methods and the application prospects were prospected.