超临界CO_(2)增稠剂研究进展

Progress of Research of Supercritical CO_(2) Thickener

超临界CO_(2)压裂是开发利用非常规油气资源的有效手段之一,然而超临界CO_(2)的低黏度特性导致了携沙性差和滤失量大的问题,超临界CO_(2)增稠剂的研发是解决此项问题的必要措施。文中将已报道的超临界CO_(2)增稠剂研究分为含氟类、聚硅氧烷类和烃类3种CO_(2)增稠剂,并进行了系统的研究分析,总结了超临界CO_(2)增稠剂分子设计思路。得出CO_(2)增稠剂分子设计原则:(1)从基团功能方向设计,新型CO_(2)增稠剂应由亲CO_(2)基团和CO_(2)增稠基团构成,保证增稠剂具备一定的CO_(2)溶解性和增稠性;(2)基团自身属性方向设计,基团自身主链应具有较好的柔顺性、低内聚能和较高的混合自由能。在超临界CO_(2)增稠剂的研究中,不仅要关注聚合物的溶解性与增稠性能,还可引入纳米材料这类新型材料来扩充超临界CO_(2)增稠剂分子的研究思路。

Supercritical CO_(2) fracturing is one of the effective measures to develop and utilize unconventional oil and gas resources.However,the low viscosity characteristics of supercritical CO_(2) have led to the problems of poor sand carrying capacity and large fluid loss.The development of supercritical CO_(2) thickener is a necessary measure to solve this problem.This article divided the reported research on supercritical CO_(2) thickeners into three types of CO_(2) thickeners including fluorine,polysiloxanes and hydrocarbons,and carried out systematic research and analysis,summarized the molecular design ideas of supercritical CO_(2) thickeners.The molecular design principles of the CO_(2) thickeners are obtained:(1)designed from the group functional direction,the new CO_(2) thickeners should be composed of CO_(2)-philic groups and CO_(2) thickening groups to ensure that the thickeners have certain CO_(2) solubility and thickening;(2)the design of the characteristics of groups,the main chains of the groups should have good flexibility,low cohesive energy and high mixing free energy.In the future research of supercritical CO_(2) thickeners,researches should pay attention to the solubility and thickening properties of polymers,new materials such as nanomaterials can be introduced to expand the research ideas of supercritical CO_(2) thickener molecules.