3品种工作犬幼犬警用行为测试

Cross Analysis of Police Behavioural Traits among Three Breeds of Working Dog

通过测试3品种工作犬幼犬的警用行为表现,为深入研究工作犬的品种特性,改进受训犬考评机制、提高训练的技术手段及有效建设种犬群提供数据支撑和理论依据。随机选取德国牧羊犬、昆明犬、马里努阿犬的幼犬,共计254头,测定其胆量、兴奋性及衔取等警用行为参数,以品种、品种间公母及本品种公母分组进行对比分析。结果显示,德国牧羊犬、昆明犬和马里努阿犬的各项警用行为指标达到A级和B级的较少,大多数分布于C级,警用素质综合评定为合格以上的犬总体衔取率不高,分别为41.18%、51.65%、35.71%。比较3品种犬的警用行为发现,马里努阿犬的衔取率与德国牧羊犬和昆明犬差异显著,兴奋性指标与德国牧羊犬差异显著,胆量指标与昆明犬差异显著;在3品种公犬间,马里努阿犬在衔取水平上与德国牧羊犬和昆明犬差异显著,马里努阿犬在兴奋性水平上与德国牧羊犬差异显著;母犬间差异均不显著;本品种内公母犬间差异均不显著。研究表明:一是通过改变训练技术手段提高幼犬警用性能的空间较大;二是公犬是各品种间警用行为指标存在差异的主要因素;三是无需考虑本品种的公母对训练影响。

Cross analysis of police behavioural traits among three breeds of working dogs was conductedfor providing data and theory support for further research in working dog’s breeding characteristics,and for revising the training dog’s assessment criteria and building the breed group efficiently.254 puppies were chosen randomly from three breeds,including German shepherd,Kunming dog and Belgian malinois,the courage,excitement and retrieve index were tested.The data were analyzed among breeds and sexuality.The results suggested that most puppies tests were C,and a few were A and B.The retrieve indexes were not so high,it was 41.18%in German shepherd,51.65%in Kunming dog and 35.71%in Belgian malinois.The analysis among the breeds showed that the Belgian malinois’retrieve index were significant different from the German shepherds’and the Kunming dogs’,the Belgian malinois’excitement were significant different from the German shepherds’,and the Belgian malinois’courage were significant different from Kunming dogs’.The analysis between the sexuality showed the same tendency to the breeds that the Belgian malinois’retrieve index were significant different from the German shepherds’and the Kunming dogs’,the Belgian malinois’excitement were significant different from the German shepherds’,and the Belgian malinois’courage were significant different from Kunming dogs’.While the differences were not significant among female dogs.The indexes were not significant different between male and female in the same breed.The results suggested that puppies’police behavioural traits can be improved by changing the training techniques,the male is the main factor for the breed difference,and male or female has no significant difference in training in the same breed.