摘要
Electric vehicles(EV)are proposed as a measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in transport and support increased wind power penetration across modern power systems.Optimal benefits can only be achieved,if EVs are deployed effectively,so that the exhaust emissions are not substituted by additional emissions in the electricity sector,which can be implemented using Smart Grid controls.This research presents the results of an EV roll-out in the all island grid(AIG)in Ireland using the long term generation expansion planning model called the Wien Automatic System Planning IV(WASP-IV)tool to measure carbon dioxide emissions and changes in total energy.The model incorporates all generators and operational requirements while meeting environmental emissions,fuel availability and generator operational and maintenance constraints to optimize economic dispatch and unit commitment power dispatch.In the study three distinct scenarios are investigated base case,peak and off-peak charging to simulate the impacts of EV’s in the AIG up to 2025.
基金
Dr Aoife FOLEY would like to thank UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)under grant EP/L001063/1
the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants 51361130153 and 61273040 and the Shanghai Rising Star programme 12QA1401100 for financial supporting this research.Dr Aoife FOLEY and Dr Brian O´GALLACHO´IR would also like to thank the Irish Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)Climate Change Research Programme under grant CCRP-09-FS-7-2.Dr FOLEY also acknowledges Dr Jianhui WANG,Vladimir KORITAROV,Dr Aidun BOTTERUD,Guenter CONZELMANN at Argonne National Energy Laboratory,Illinois,USA.
