骨髓细胞形态学、M蛋白定量及免疫固定电泳在MM患者诊断中的应用

Application of bone marrow cell morphology,M protein quantification and immunofixa⁃tion electrophoresis in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma patients

目的分析骨髓细胞形态学、M蛋白定量及免疫固定电泳在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)中的应用价值。方法选取2017年1月至2020年12月本院收治的120例MM患者作为研究对象,另择同期体检正常的30例健康人作为对照组。所有患者行骨髓穿刺术获取骨髓液观察骨髓细胞形态;取血清标本行免疫固定电泳及免疫球蛋白检查。结果 120例MM患者IgA型、IgD型、IgG型、轻链型分别为43例、18例、35例、24例。四组患者κ、λ检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。四组MM患者及对照组血清IgA、IgM及IgG水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。四组MM患者骨髓细胞增生程度分级及原始浆细胞、幼稚浆细胞占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论骨髓细胞形态学、M蛋白定量及免疫固定电泳均可用于MM的诊断。

Objective To analyze the application value of bone marrow cell morphology,M protein quantification and immunofixation electrophoresis in multiple myeloma(MM).Methods 120 cases of MM patients admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected retrospectively as the research subjects,and 30 cases of healthy people with normal physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.All patients were treated of The bone marrow fluid was collected by bone marrow puncture to observe the morphology of bone marrow cells.Serum samples were collected for immunofixation electrophoresis and immunoglobulin examination.Results The 120 cases of MM patients with IgA,IgD,IgG,and light chain types were 43,18,35,and 24,respectively.There was no significant difference in the detection rates ofκandλamong the four groups of patients(P>0.05).There were significant differences in serum IgA,IgM and IgG levels between the four groups of MM patients and the control group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the grades of bone marrow cell proliferation and the proportion of plasmablastcells and naive plasma cells in MM patients among the four groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Bone marrow cell morphology,M protein quantification and immunofixation electrophoresis can be used for the diagnosis of MM.