2017年-2019年铜仁市城区手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of hand foot mouth disease in Tongren City from 2017 to 2019

目的分析2017年~2019年铜仁市城区手足口病流行病学规律及特征。方法收集2017年1月到2019年12月的手足口病例资料和病原检测结果,分析手足口病的发病特征。结果3年手足口病发病率比较:2017年最低(74.3%),2018年最高(90.6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病原学检测结果显示,2017年EV71阳性率最高(29.7%),2019年EV71阳性率最低(0.2%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2017~2019年柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)阳性率比较,2017年最低(1.4%),2018年最高(12.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2017~2019年柯萨奇病毒A6(CoxA6)阳性率比较,2017年最低(0%),2019年最高(36.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论手足口病全年均有发病,但发病分布呈现季节性,每年5~7月份发病率最高。通过对手足口病流行状况进行分析为制定本地手足口病防控策略提供依据。

Objective In order to provide the basis for formulating the prevention and control strate⁃gy of HFMD,retrospective analysis of the epidemic regularity and characteristics of hand foot mouth disease in Tongren City from 2017 to 2019.Method Data of HFMD cases and pathogen detection results from January 2017 to December 2019 were collected to analyze the characteristics of HFMD.Result The incidence rate of hand foot mouth disease was significant difference in 2017~2019 years(P<0.05),and the incidence rate(74.3%)was the lowest in 2017,and the incidence rate was 90.6%in 2018;The results of pathogen detection showed that there was significant difference in the positive rate of enterovirus 71(EV71)from 2017 to 2019(P<0.05),the positive rate of EV71 was the highest in 2017(29.7%)and the lowest in 2019(0.2%);There was sig⁃nificant difference in CoxA16 positive rate between 2017 and 2019(P<0.05),the positive rate of CoxA16 was the lowest in 2017(1.4%)and the highest in 2018(12.4%);There was a significant difference in the positive rate of CoxA6 between 2017 and 2019(P<0.05),the positive rate of CoxA6 was the lowest in 2017(0%)and the highest in 2019(36.8%).Conclusion Hand foot mouth disease occurs throughout the year,but the inci⁃dence is seasonal and the highest incidence rate is 5⁃7 months in a year.There are obvious differences in the types of HFMD infection in Tongren City from 2017 to 2019,EV71 was the main HFMD infection in 2017;Coxsacki⁃evirusA16(CoxA16)was predominant in 2018;Coxsackievirus A6(Coxa6)was the main pathogen in 2019.Through the analysis of the epidemic situation of hand,foot and mouth disease,it provides a basis for formulating the prevention and control strategy of hand,foot and mouth disease.