《民法典》技术合同章商事化变革研究——兼评知识产权法的相关影响

Research on the Commercialization Reform of the Technology Contract Chapter of Civil Code——Also Comment on the Related Influence of Intellectual Property Law

《民法典》技术合同章体现了商事化变革的趋势,技术合同制度的商事化变革经过三个阶段的发展历程,其推动力量主要来自制度和现实两个层面。知识产权法对技术合同章商事化变革具有促进作用,并对其独立性产生影响。在商事化变革中,技术合同章的管制主义倾向弱化,应当将技术合同定位为关系合同,并对技术合同条款从商事角度进行解释,为在技术合同章具体制度规则中体现商事化变革的要求,有必要均衡适用知识产权保护原则性条款,限制技术合同无效的情形,对技术成果共有规则从商事角度加以适用,并重视技术成果优先受让权规则的作用。

Technology Contract Chapter of Civil Code embodies the trend of commercialization reform,the commercialization reform of technology contract regime has gone through three stages of development,and its driving force mainly comes from the two levels of regime and reality.The intellectual property law promotes the commercialization reform of Technology Contract Chapter and influences its independence.In the commercialization reform,the dirigisme tendency of Technology Contract Chapter is weakened,the technology contract should be defined as relational contract,and the clauses of technology contract should be explained from the commercial perspective.In order to embody the requirement of commercialization reform in the specific rules of Technology Contract Chapter,it is necessary to apply the principle clause of intellectual property protection in a balanced way,limit the situations of invalidity of technology contract,apply the rule of common ownership of technological achievements from the commercial perspective,and pay attention to the role of the rule of priority assignment of technological achievements.