不同陈化时间广陈皮表面细菌和真菌多样性变化分析

Diversity of bacterial and fungal community on surface of Citrus reticulata‘Chachi’with different aging times

传统理论认为陈皮“陈久者良”,陈化过程中微生物会引起药效物质基础的改变。通过高通量测序技术系统地研究了不同陈化时间广陈皮表面细菌、真菌菌群结构及特征,其中细菌采用16S rDNA测序,真菌采用ITS1测序。结果表明不同陈化时间广陈皮样本表面细菌、真菌组成结构基本一致,但相对丰度差异明显,优势菌属不同。细菌属水平上,主要分布有unidentified_Rickettsiales、Phyllobacterium、Methylobacterium、unidentified_Cyanobacteria、Pseudomonas、Sphingomonas、Stenotrophomonas、Lactococcus、Bacillus。随陈化时间的增加,从以Methylobacterium、Sphingomonas为优势转变为以Bacillus、Pseudomonas、Stenotrophomonas、Lactococcus为主。真菌属水平上,主要分布有Xeromyces、Cladosporium、Zasmidium、Symmetrospora、Aureobasidium、Fusarium、Aspergillus。从以Zasmidium、Cladosporium、Symmetrospora、Fusarium为优势转变为以Cladosporium、Aureobasidium、Aspergillus、Xeromyces为主。基于高通量测序技术,全面地揭示了不同陈化时间广陈皮表面细菌、真菌群落结构及其动态变化规律,并检测出不同陈化时间广陈皮表面优势菌属。研究结果为后续优势功能菌的分离筛选,陈皮陈化机理深入研究提供了理论依据。

Traditional theory holds that“drugs with long aging time have better effect”regarding Citrus reticulata pericarpium.It has been reported that microorganisms can change the pharmacodynamic material base during aging.High-throughput sequencing was used to systematically study the structure and characteristics of bacterial and fungal community on the surface of C.reticulata‘Chachi’with different aging time.The 16S rDNA or ITS1 fragments of the community isolated and sequenced.At genus level,the main bacteria were unidentified Rickettsiales,Phyllobacterium,Methylobacterium,unidentified Cyanobacteria,Pseudomonas,Sphingomonas,Stenotrophomonas,Lactococcus and Bacillus,and the main fungi were Xeromyces,Cladosporium,Zasmidium,Symmetrospora,Aureobasidium,Fusarium and Aspergillus.With the increasing of aging time,the dominant bacterial genera changed from Methylobacterium,Sphingomonas to Bacillus,Pseudomonas,Stenotrophomonas and Lactococcus,and the dominant fungal genera changed from Zasmidium,Cladosporium,Symmetrospora,Fusarium to Cladosporium,Aureobasidium,Aspergillus and Xeromyces.The results provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent isolation and screening of dominant functional microorganisms,in-depth study of the aging mechanism of C.reticulata pericarpium during aging.