康德定言命令关系的辩证模式解读

An Interpretation of the Dialectical Mode of Kant’s Categorical Imperatives

定言命令的关系问题是国内外康德学界极为关心的问题。我们曾经提出主客模式的解读,主张定言命令虽然在主观上有差异,但客观上是同一的。但这一解读未能解决定言命令的同一性难题。董滨宇新近提出的闭环结构可以解决这一难题,但它自身有难以解决的困难。最终我们提出辩证模式,认为普遍法则公式、目的公式和自律公式不过是同一个定言命令的三个环节,它们从空洞的形式一步步丰富,到自律公式这里达到完备规定。这种解读在解决定言命令的同一性难题的同时,还具有更好的外部一致性,因而是一种更具优势的新解读。

The relation of categorical imperatives is of great concern to Kantian scholars at home and abroad.We have put forward the interpretation of the subjective and objective model,claiming that categorical imperatives are the same objectively although there are subjective differences.However,this interpretation fails to solve the identity problem of categorical imperatives.Dong Binyu’s new closed-loop structure can solve this problem,but it has its own difficulties.Finally,we put forward the dialectical mode,that is,the formula of universal law,the formula of end,and the formula of autonomy are just three links of the same categorical imperative,which are enriched from the empty form to reach the complete determination gradually.This interpretation not only solves the identity problem of categorical imperatives,but also has better external consistency,so it is a new interpretation with more advantages.