法官与法官助理“法情关系”之构建探究——以A市B区基层法院为视角

Construction of“Juridical Relationship”between Judge and Law Clerk from the Perspective of Basic Court in District A of B City

法官与法官助理之间存在微妙的关系,这种关系对我国司法改革的进程与成效产生重要的影响。通过调查我国司法改革试点省份的基层法院发现法官与法官助理之间在审判事务分工与责任承担、服从命令式管理与独立性人格要求、薪酬晋升机制与职业发展规划的矛盾。究其原因,既有改革设计不严谨、法律规定不完善等客观制度问题,也有传统封建文化影响、曲解改革精神等主观因素,因此,我们分析并借鉴域外的法官助理制度,以此完善我国的权责法定制度,优化审判团队模式,创新分离管培机制,培养法官与法官助理的师生之情、战友之情以及法律信仰之情,构建职业共同体的新型“法情关系”——法律人因法律职业的共同信仰,在法律规定分工的职责范围形成一种和谐关系。

The relationship between the judge and the law clerk may seem subtle,but in fact it is related to the process and effect of Chinese judicial reform.From the perspective of the basic court in the Chinese judicial reform pilot province,we found triple contradictions between judges and law clerks,in the aspects of division of labor and responsibilities,compliance with command management and independent personality requirements,salary promotion mechanism and career development planning.The reasons are objective system problems such as imprecise reform design and imperfect legal regulations,and subjective factors such as the influence of feudal traditional culture and misinterpretation of the reform spirit.Drawing lessons from foreign experience of law clerk systems,we can improve the legal system of rights and responsibilities of law clerks,optimize the portfolio model of judicial teams,innovate separation management mechanism to cultivate the feeling of teachers and students,comrades-in-arms,and legal beliefs between judges and law clerks,so as to build a new type of“juridical relationship”among professional communities,which is a harmonious relationship formed by each legal person within the scope of the duties of their respective roles due to the common beliefs of the legal profession.