提高林业资源监管成效的制度思考

Institutional Thinking on Improving the Effectiveness of Forestry Resources Supervision

我国林业资源保护制度建设宏观指导多,微观规范少。林业资源生态补偿过度依赖政府的作用,在生态恢复实践中,缺乏必要且具体的制度支撑以及市场途径实现的规范和规定。分析了林业资源监督管理现状及存在问题,提出在加强林业资源补偿、生态税收法制化、重大风险预判和防范、完善群众参与林业资源保护的同时,完善林业资源保护地役权制度、建立林业资源生态补偿银行制度、碳汇交易制度,从创新管理制度和开拓市场途径两个方面着力,提高林业资源监管成效。

The development of forestry resources protection system in China has more macroscopic guidance and less microcosmic norms.Ecological compensation for forestry resources is excessively dependent on the role of the government.In the practice of ecological restoration,there is a lack of necessary and specific institutional support as well as norms and regulations for the realization of market approaches.This paper analyzed status quo and existing problems of the forestry resources supervision and management,put forward the proposals including strengthening forestry resources compensation,ecological tax legal system,anticipation and prevention of significant risks,promoting the masses participation in forestry resources protection,meanwhile,improving the system of forestry resource conservation easement,establishing the forestry resources ecological compensation bank system,and carbon trading system.Efforts should be made to improve the effectiveness of forestry resources supervision from two aspects:innovating management system and expanding market channels.