未来教育中判断力的解析及其培养的实践之路

The Composition and Practice of Judgment in Future Education

未来教育取决于当下的思考与行动,判断力是这一思考与行动的指南之一。判断力是个体立足未来社会的基础,是应对未来社会的关键,更是思考未来教育的起点。它由“促成个体认识转变的认识判断力”“提升个体行动能力的价值判断力”以及“引发个体超越自身的审美判断力”三个方面构成。这其中,认识判断力能使僵化的符号体系变得有生命;能使外在的知识融入个体的生命之中以及能使个体主动地接触和统摄其所需要的知识。价值判断力可以促使个体主动地介入世界;生成个体责任担当的意识以及真正实现个体的自主发展。审美判断力奠定了个体进行创造的基础,打开了个体体悟世界的开关以及促成了人与人的有机联合。据此,未来教育中判断力的实践之路需由知识构成的再思出发,深挖范例学习的价值,重视非理性的培养,依托劳动教育通向判断力的形成与融合。

Future education depends on the current thinking and action,and judgment is the guide of this thinking and action.Judgment is the basis of individual based on the future society,the key to deal with the future society,and the starting point of thinking about future education.It is composed of three aspects:“the cognitive judgment that promotes the change of individual cognition”,“the value judgment that promotes individual action ability”and“the aesthetic judgment that causes individuals to surpass themselves”.Among them,cognitive judgment can make the rigid symbol system alive;It can integrate the external knowledge into the individual’s life and make the individual actively contact and control the knowledge they need.Value judgment can encourage individuals to actively participate in the world;It is necessary to create the consciousness of individual responsibility and realize the independent development of the individual.Aesthetic judgment lays the foundation for individual creation,opens the switch for individual understanding of the world,and promotes the organic combination of people.Therefore,the practical road of judgment in future education should start from the rethinking of knowledge,dig the value of example learning,pay attention to the cultivation of irrationality,and lead to the formation and integration of judgment relying on labor education.