多孢木霉HZ-31菌株活性物质的初步分离及除草活性研究

Preliminary Isolation and Herbicidal Activity of Active Substances from Trichoderma polysporum HZ-31

为明确多孢木霉HZ-31菌株的除草活性物质,对其活性成分进行逐步分离。采用种子萌发法和离体叶片接种法分离最佳活性组分。结果表明,HZ-31菌株发酵滤液活性高于发酵液,发酵滤液对野燕麦和油菜种子萌发抑制率分别为80.00%和91.67%。4种有机溶剂萃取物对7种杂草叶片的致病效果由强到弱表现为:正丁醇相>乙酸乙酯相>石油醚相>氯仿相。4种有机溶剂萃取粗提物在5 mg/mL浓度下对野燕麦和油菜的种子萌发均有强烈的抑制作用,除乙酸乙酯外,其余处理的发芽抑制率为100%。3 mg/mL浓度下正丁醇粗提取物能完全抑制野燕麦和油菜种子的萌发。因此,粗提物活性测定以离体叶片和种子萌发结果为依据,检测HZ-31菌株活性物质最佳有机相,最终确定最佳活性组分在正丁醇相中。

To determinate herbicidal active substances of Trichoderma polysporum HZ-31,the active components were separated step by step.The active components were isolated by seed germination and leaf inoculation in vitro.According to the results,the fermentation filtrate activity of strain HZ-31 was higher than that of fermentation broth,and the inhibition rate of seed germination to Avena fatua L.and Brassica napus were 80%and 91.67%,respectively.The pathogenic effects of four organic solvent extracts on leaves of 7 weeds were as follows:n-butanol phase>ethyl acetate phase>petroleum ether phase>phase.Extraction of crude extract from 4 organic solvents at concentration of 5 mg/mL had a strong inhibition on seed germination of A.fatua and B.napus.Except for ethyl acetate,the germination inhibition rate of the other treatments was 100%.Crude n-butanol extract at 3 mg/mL concentration could completely inhibit the seed germination of A.fatua and B.napus.Therefore,the determination of crude extract activity is based on the results of leaves in vitro and seeds germination,the organic phase of active substance of strain HZ-31 is detected,and the best active component is in n-butanol phase.