过敏性紫癜患者血清中过敏原特异性IgE和总IgE水平及临床意义

Levels and clinical significance of serum allergen-specific IgE and total IgE in patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura

目的分析过敏性紫癜(HSP)患者血清中过敏原特异性IgE和总IgE水平及临床意义。方法选取2017年01月-2020年01月江油市人民医院收治的95例HSP患者为研究对象,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清过敏原特异性IgE抗体和血清总IgE水平。结果 HSP患者血清总IgE>100IU/mL者88例,阳性率为92.63%,其中一种过敏原特异性IgE抗体阳性21例(22.11%),两种及两种以上过敏原特异性IgE抗体阳性74例(77.89%)。HSP患者食入性过敏原中以鱼、牛奶及虾/蟹/扇贝阳性率最高,分别为30.53%、25.26%和20.00%;HSP患者吸入性过敏原中以霉菌、屋尘螨/粉尘螨及屋尘阳性率最高,分别为35.79%、20.00%和20.00%。春秋季HSP发病率较高,且男性多于女性(P<0.05),3-10岁HSP发病率高于0-2岁和10岁以上HSP发病率(P<0.05)。春秋季过敏病原种类阳性率主要以屋尘螨/粉尘螨、屋尘、蒿属植物及猫狗皮毛屑为主;夏季过敏病原种类阳性率主要以屋尘螨/粉尘螨、屋尘及蒿属植物为主;冬季过敏病原种类阳性率主要以屋尘螨/粉尘螨、屋尘为主。结论吸入物和食物过敏原诱导的变态反应是导致HSP的因素之一,血清中过敏原特异性IgE和总IgE水平检测对HSP患者病因诊断和预防具有重要价值。

Objective To analyze the levels and clinical significance of serum allergen-specific IgE and total IgE in patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods 95 patients with HSP admitted to the hospital between January 2017 and January 2020 were selected as the research subjects.Serum allergen-specific IgE antibodies and total serum IgE levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results There were 88 cases with total serum IgE>100 IU/mL,with a positive rate of 92.63%.Among them,there were 21 cases(22.11%)positive for 1 kind of allergen-specific IgE antibody and 74 cases(77.89%)positive for two or more allergen-specific IgE antibodies.Among the ingested allergens of HSP,the positive rates of fish,milk and shrimp/crab/scallop were the highest(30.53%,25.26%and 20.00%).Among the inhaled allergens,the positive rates of mold,house dust mite/dust mite and house dust were the highest(35.79%,20.00% and 20.00%).The incidence of HSP was higher in spring and autumn,and was higher in males than females(P<0.05).The incidence of HSP in 3-10 year-old group was higher than that in 0-2 year-old group and over 10 year-old group(P<0.05).The allergens in spring and autumn mainly included house dust mite/dust mites,house dust,artemisia and fur of cats and dogs.The allergens in summer mainly included house dust mite/dust mite,house dust and artemisia,while allergens in winter mainly included house dust mite/dust mite and house dust.Conclusion Allergic reactions induced by inhalants and food allergens are one of the factors leading to HSP.The detection of serum allergen-specific IgE and total IgE levels is of great value for the diagnosis of causes and prevention of HSP.