高原环境对移居大鼠子代体重及大脑的影响

The influence of high altitude environment on body weight and brain of offspring of migrarant rats

目的探讨高原环境对移居大鼠子代体重及大脑的影响。方法将16只(12只雌鼠,4只雄鼠)8周龄wistar大鼠按3∶1雌雄比随机分为高海拔组和低海拔组,待大鼠合笼受孕自然分娩后,比较两组子鼠出生后1周内体重、脑重及脑指数,并取子鼠大脑组织做病理切片染色观察。结果高海拔组子鼠出生后1周内体重均低于低海拔组(P<0.05)。高海拔组第5天雄鼠体重高于雌鼠体重(P<0.05)。除第1天外,高海拔组脑重均比低海拔组低(P<0.05)。低海拔组子鼠出生第3天、第7天雄鼠脑重大于雌鼠(P<0.05),高海拔组子鼠从出生第1天到第6天雄鼠脑重均大于雌鼠(P<0.05)。低海拔组和高海拔组子鼠出生7天内脑指数无统计学差异(P>0.05)。低海拔组第7天雄鼠脑指数大于雌鼠(P<0.05),高海拔组第4天、第6天雄鼠脑指数大于雌鼠(P<0.05)。与低海拔组相比高海拔组子鼠脑组织HE染色显示,脑组织结构呈疏松筛网状,可见坏死灶及空泡样改变,有较多泡沫细胞和淋巴细胞出现。坏死灶内部分神经元细胞仍保存轮廓,胞质呈现嗜碱性增强,胞体变形,胞核溶解、固缩或消失。结论移居高原大鼠子代出生后1周内体重比低海拔子鼠轻,脑重随体重的增加而增加,且大脑有缺氧形态学改变。

Objective To investigate the effects of high altitude on the body weight and brain of the offspring of rats.Methods Sixteen 8-week-old Wistar rats(12 females and 4 males)were randomly divided into high altitude group and low altitude group according to the ratio of female to male of 3∶1.After the rats delivered naturally,the offspring rats body weight、brain weight and brain index within one week after birth was compared between the two groups.The brain tissue of the offspring rats was taken for histopathological research.Results The body weight of the offspring rats in the high altitude group was lower than that in the low altitude group(P<0.05)within one week after birth.The body weight of male rats was higher than that of female rats on the 5 th day in high altitude group(P<0.05).Except the first day,the brain weight of high altitude group was lower than that of low altitude group(P<0.05).The brain weight of male rats in low altitude group was higher than that of female rats on the 3 rd and 7 th day after birth(P<0.05),and the brain weight of male rats in high altitude group was higher than that of female rats from the 1 st to the6 th day after birth(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in brain index between low altitude group and high altitude group within 7 days after birth(P>0.05).The brain index of male rats was higher than that of female rats on the 7 th day in low altitude group(P<0.05),and the brain index of male rats was higher than that of female rats on the4 th and 6 th day in high altitude group(P<0.05).Compared with the low altitude group,the HE staining in the brain tissue of the high altitude group showed that the structure of brain tissue was loosely screened and reticular,there were necrotic foci and vacuolar changes,and many foam cells and lymphatic cells.Some neurons in the necrotic foci still had their outline preserved,the cytoplasm showed basophilic enhancement,the cell body deformed,and the nucleus dissolved,pyknosis or disappeared.Conclusion The body weight of offspring of high altitude rats is lighter than that of low altitude rats within one week after birth,brain weight increases with increasing body weight,and the brain has hypoxic morphology changes.