玉米秸秆的预处理及以其产品饲养黑水虻的研究

Pretreatment of Corn Straw and Feeding of Black Soldier Fly

随着我国农村经济的快速发展,农村垃圾日渐增长,为了减少农村环境污染而进行此研究。利用发酵技术对农村废弃物进行处理,在外源微生物条件下,研究了玉米秸秆和鸡粪在不同碳/氮质量比条件下发酵,考察了其主要物质的变化规律。然后将发酵产物用于饲喂黑水虻幼虫,对黑水虻幼虫进行生长指数和营养成分分析。结果表明:发酵过程中pH值先上升后下降最后稳定在6.5~7.0,堆料中有机质、粗纤维含量均呈现出下降的趋势,粗蛋白含量均有不同程度的增长。在碳/氮质量比为25的情况下发酵效果最好,其中各主要物质变化为:有机质降解率13.91%,粗纤维降解率25.63%,粗蛋白增长率129.84%。喂养黑水虻效果最好的饲料是初始碳/氮质量比为30的发酵产物与餐厨垃圾按质量为1∶1混合。其饲养的黑水虻幼虫粗蛋白含量和粗脂肪含量均达到最高,分别为38.70%和30.27%。

With the rapid development of rural economy in China,the amount of rural garbage is increasing day by day,and it is urgent to reduce rural environmental pollution.In the present work,the fermentation of corn stover and chicken manure with different carbon/nitrogen ratios and exogenous microorganisms were studied,and the change law of the main substances was investigated.Then,the fermentation product was used to feed the black soldier fly larvae,and the growth index and nutritional composition of the black soldier fly larvae were analyzed.The results showed that during the fermentation process,the pH values increase first,then decrease,and finally stabilize in the range of 6.5-7.0.Both organic matter content and crude fiber content in the piles show a downward trend,and the crude protein content increase with different varying degrees.The fermentation is best when the carbon/nitrogen ratio is 25,and the degradation rates of organic matter,crude fiber and crude protein are 13.91%,25.63%,and 129.84%,respectively.The best feed for feeding black soldier fly is a fermentation product with an initial carbon/nitrogen ratio of 30 mixed with food waste of 1∶1.The crude protein content and crude fat content of the larvae of black soldier fly reared by the feed reach the highest level,which are 38.70% and 30.27%,respectively.