滇池面山半湿润常绿阔叶林林分结构特征研究

Stand Structure of The Semi-humid Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in the Mountains around Dianchi Lake

为了探明半湿润常绿阔叶林林分结构特征,为制定科学、合理的经营管理措施,改善林分生长状况提供依据,以滇池面山半湿润常绿阔叶林为研究对象,在固定监测样地调查的基础上,采用数学统计和数量分析法对调查林分的结构特征进行研究。结果显示:(1)乔木层以锥连栎占据主要优势,并伴生有滇青冈、高山栲、滇石栎等树种;主要树种中,以滇石栎在水平方向上的竞争优势最大,而锥连栎在垂直方向上占据显著优势。(2)林分平均角尺度为0.566,整体呈聚集分布;各等级大小比数差异不大,整体接近中庸状态;全林分平均混交度为0.275,林木以零度混交和弱度混交为主,锥连栎、滇青冈多为分叉树或同种簇生,混交度极低。研究结果表明:该林分的结构比较单一,根据结构化经营理论,应调整林木分布格局,使其向随机分布格局发展,并对同种簇生的树丛进行疏伐,同时引进其他乡土树种,从而提高林分的树种多样性。

In order to find out the structure characteristics of subhumid evergreen broad-leaved forest,the subhumid evergreen broad-leaved forest in mountains around Dianchi Lake was taken as the research object,and the structural characteristics of the investigated stand were studied by mathematical statistics and quantitative analysis method on the basis of the investigation of fixed monitoring plot.The results showed that Quercus franchetii dominated the arbor layer,and there were some species such as Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides,Castanopsis delavayi and Lithocarpus dealbatus.Among the main tree species,L.dealbatus has the greatest competitive advantage in the horizontal direction,while Q.franchetii has a significant advantage in the vertical direction.The average angular scale of the stand is 0.566,and the whole stand is aggregation distribution;The neighborhood comparison of each grade has little difference,and the whole is close to the middle state.The average mixed degree of the whole stand was 0.275,the trees were mainly mixed with zero degree and weak degree,and most of the Q.franchetii and C.glaucoides were bifurcated or clustered with the same species,and their mixed degree were very low.The structure of this stand is relatively simple,according to the structural management theory,the distribution pattern of trees should be adjusted to develop to the random distribution pattern,the same cluster trees should be thinning,and other native trees should be introduced to improve the diversity of tree species in the stand.