贸易开放、技术溢出与流动人口工作时长——基于2016年流动人口动态监测调查的经验证据

Trade openness,technology spillover and working hours of floating population——Empirical evidence based on the dynamic monitoring survey of floating population in 2016

基于2016年流动人口动态监测调查数据,考察了贸易开放对流动人口工作时长的影响。利用工具变量克服内生性偏误后的估计结果表明,提高贸易开放度能显著降低流动人口工作时长。异质性分析显示高技能群体在贸易开放中其工作时长的降低幅度更大。机制分析表明,技术吸收能力作为贸易开放技术溢出的中间机制降低了流动人口的工作时长;贸易开放通过规范的劳动关系和合理的劳动保险福利两种中介渠道缩短流动人口工作时长。因此,增强城市的人力资本水平、提高流动人口的受教育水平以及建立健全有关流动人口劳动保护法律体系是发挥贸易开放降低流动人口工作时长作用的重要途径。

Based on the dynamic monitoring survey data of floating population in 2016,this paper examined the impact of trade openness on the working hours of floating population.The estimation results after using instrumental variables to overcome endogenous biases show that increasing trade openness can significantly reduce the working hours of the floating population.Heterogeneity analysis shows that high-skilled groups have a greater reduction in working hours during the opening up of trade.Mechanism analysis shows that technology absorptive capacity,as the intermediate mechanism of technology spillover in trade openness,reduces the working hours of floating population and that trade openness shortens the working hours of floating population through two intermediary channels:standardized labor relations and reasonable labor insurance benefits.Therefore,enhancing the level of human capital in cities,improving the education level of floating population and establishing and improving the labor protection legal system for the floating population are important ways to give play to trade openness and reduce the working hours of floating population.