中国马铃薯花药培养关键技术研究进展

Research Progress in Key Techniques of Potato Anther Culture in China

花药培养是获得植物单倍体的有效方法之一,在基础研究和育种上都有重要的应用价值。花药培养因操作简便等优点,是获得马铃薯单倍体的常用手段。但由于胚状体发生和植株再生率低,限制了该技术在马铃薯育种工作上的应用。介绍了20世纪80年代以来,中国科研人员对马铃薯花药培养技术的研究工作,重点整理了对花药培养成功与否起决定作用的基因型、接种时期、培养基成分等关键技术的研究成果,分析了中国在马铃薯花药培养研究中存在的问题,并对以后的研究发展提出了建议。

Anther culture is one of the effective methods for obtaining plant haploids and is important for both fundamental research and breeding applications.Anther culture is a routine method to obtain potato haploid because of its simple operation.However,difficulties in embryogenesis and poor rate of plant regeneration have restricted the use of this technique in potato breeding.The main achievements of Chinese researchers in potato anther culture technology research since the 1980s were summarized,and the key technical achievements involving genotype identification,inoculation stage and medium composition optimization were focused.In this review,the challenges in potato anther culture research were also analyzed and new directions for future studies were discussed.