植物微生物组的功能及应用研究进展

The Progress in the Function Research and Application of Plant Microbiome

健康的植物中生活着多种多样但分类学结构不同的微生物群落,它们在所有可接触到的植物组织中定殖。这些微生物群落赋予植物宿主健康优势,包括促进宿主植物生长、营养吸收、抗逆性和对病原菌的抵抗力等。植物菌群及其相互作用具有高度的多样性,多种因素决定着群落的组成和功能。虽然从19世纪开始植物菌群就被人们所认识,但对其功能及应用的相关研究却从20世纪80年代才开始蓬勃发展。综述了植物及相关微生物群落和环境之间遗传、生化、物理和代谢相互作用的复杂网络及其研究方法与应用的研究进展,以期为绿色农业、环境生态保护等提供新的思路。

In healthy plants,there are a variety of microbial communities with different taxonomic structures,which colonize in all accessible plant tissues.Plant related microbial communities give plant hosts health advantages,including promoting host plant growth,nutrient absorption,stress resistance and resistance to pathogens.Phytomicrobiome and its interactions show multiple diversity,and are determined by many factors.Although microflora in plants has been known since the 19th century,the research and interest in plant-related microflora began to flourish in the 1980s.In this paper,the complex network of genetic,biochemical,physical and metabolic interactions between plants,microbial communities and the environment,as well as their research methods and applications,are reviewed in order to provide new ideas for green agriculture and environmental ecological protection.