陕北风沙区芝麻香瓜高效栽培技术研究

Study on the High Efficiency Cultivation Technology of Sesame Muskmelon in Sandstorm Area of Northern Shanxi

为了充分发挥风沙滩区设施农业自然资源优势,开拓芝麻香瓜市场空间,做大做强芝麻香瓜这一特色瓜菜产业,本试验设为日光温室、塑料大棚和露地3种栽培模式,试验时间3年。研究了芝麻香瓜不同茬口,探索了露地、塑料大棚和温室高效栽培衔接模式。结果显示,温室早春茬芝麻香瓜播种适宜期在1月上旬,2月中旬定植。塑料大棚芝麻香瓜播种适宜期在3月上旬,最佳定植期在4月15日。露地芝麻香瓜在4月中旬育苗,5月中旬定植受冻率小,产量、产值高,品质好。从而确认通过不同的种植模式,确定陕北芝麻香瓜以日光温室早春茬为主,塑料大棚、露地为辅的种植模式,延长了上市时间,提高了产量,增加了农民收入。

In order to take the advantages of natural resources of facility agriculture in sandstorm area,expanding the market of sesame melon,and strengthening the special vegetable industry of sesame melon.The experiment for cultivating sesame melon was performed with three modes including using the solar greenhouse,the plastic greenhouse,and the open field,respectively,and the experiment period was three years.The different stubble fields were studied,and the high-efficiency cultivation pattern for sesame melon linking-up the open field,plastic greenhouse and greenhouse were explored.The results showed that the best seeding time for early spring season sesame melon was early January,and the planting date was the middle of February;In the plastic greenhouse,the best sowing time was early March,and the best planting time was the middle of April;In the open filed,the best sowing time was in the middle of April,and the best planting time was in the middle of May.The late cultivation pattern decreases the frostbite of the sprouts,and increases the production and quality,resulting in a high quality of the fruits.Therefore,in northern Shaanxi,it is better to plant sesame melon primarily in solar greenhouses,supplemented by in plastic greenhouses and in open field,which will extend the marketing time of sesame melon,improve the yield,and increase the income of farmers.