危险化学品事故物质因素信息挖掘研究现状与展望

Status Quo and Prospect of Information Mining about Material Role in Hazardous Chemical Accidents

危险化学品具有易燃、易爆、剧毒、腐蚀等特性,其事故往往人员伤亡多、经济损失大、环境危害重,严重危害公共安全。通过对现有危险化学品事故相关研究现状的分析,发现危险化学品事故类型主要为爆炸火灾,危险化学品生产环节发生事故的人员伤亡情况比较严重,事故原因分析多是从人员违规违章等非物质因素角度出发,缺乏具体物质因素信息研究。从物证调查角度来讲,最关注的是具体物质的取证与鉴定,课题组构建了以物质信息为基础的危险化学品事故数据库框架体系,并从高频易燃易爆危险化学品挖掘分析和危险化学品生产环节物质流挖掘分析两个方向对数据库的应用进行了展望,以期实现“危化品事故-物质信息(危险物质、物质流)-物证鉴定”三者的有机结合,为危险化学品事故的物证调查工作提供信息研判参考。

Hazardous chemical accidents often cause heavy casualties,great economic losses and serious environmental imperilment due to the chemicals possessing flammability,explosiveness,high toxicity and corrosiveness,therefore likely having brought forth serious endangerment to public safety.From the existing statistical analysis of relevant events,explosion fire is found of the main type of accidents caused with the hazardous chemicals.Presumably,such the accidents primarily link with the involving chemicals into their course of production,transportation,storage and use,among which the most serious casualties are related to the production process.Yet,the accident cause is somehow paid attentions more on nonmaterial sector,e.g.,violation against rules and regulations,than on specific materials and related information mining.From the perspective of evidential material investigation,the most important thing should be to collect evidence and test the specific materials.Here,a framework is introduced about building up a database of hazardous chemical accidents based on the information of relating materials,with the applicability of the database being prospected from the information mining into those highly-liable hazardous chemicals and material flow in the production process of such chemicals.Thus,the assortative combination is purposed to realize at“hazardous chemical accidents-material information mining(dangerous substances,material flow status)-evidential material identification”,and provide information inquiry plus judgment reference for the evidential investigation of relevant hazardous chemical accidents.