新疆某煤矿工人职业倦怠对抑郁症状的影响

The influence of job burnout on depressive symptoms of coal miners in Xinjiang

目的对新疆某煤矿工人职业倦怠及抑郁现状进行调查,探讨两者间的关联性,为今后煤矿工人职业倦怠干预提供相关理论线索。方法采用整群抽样的方法,于2020年4—6月随机抽取新疆某煤矿公司887名煤矿工人员为调查对象,分别采用职业倦怠(MBI)问卷、抑郁自评量表(CES-D)对煤矿工人职业倦怠和抑郁现状进行横断面调查,探讨两者间的关联性。结果煤矿工人累积中度及以上程度职业倦怠检出率为44.9%,煤矿工人抑郁症状的发生率为36.5%,不同性别、年龄、工龄、工种及倒班情况煤矿工人抑郁症状发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.684、2.154、8.592、10.742、8.998、9.872,均P<0.05);不同职业倦怠水平煤矿工人抑郁症状的发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=153.84,P<0.05)。相关分析表明,煤矿工人职业倦怠3个维度与抑郁存在显著正相关(r=0.473、0.437、0.496,均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,职业倦怠的3个维度是煤矿工人影响抑郁症状发生的独立危险因素(β=0.516、0.764、0.675,均P<0.05)。结论职业倦怠是煤矿工人发生抑郁症状的主要影响因素,职业倦怠越高煤矿工人发生抑郁的可能性越高,相关领导要根据煤矿工人的不同特征采取相应有针对性措施,进而促进煤矿工人心理健康。

Objective To explore the present situation of job burnout and depression on coal miners in Xinjiang,and investigate the correlation between them,then provide relevant theoretical clues for future intervention.Methods Using the cluster sampling method,from April 2020 to June 2020,887 coal mine workers from a coal mining company in Xinjiang were randomly selected as the survey subjects.The job burnout(MBI)questionnaire and the Centre of Epidemiology Studies-Depression scale(CES-D)were used to evaluate the job burnout and depression situation in a cross-sectional survey,and analyzed the correlation between them.Results The detection rate of coal miners cumulative moderate and above job burnout was 44.9%,the incidence of depression symptoms was 36.5%.In different genders,ages,years of service,types of work and shifts,the incidence of depression symptoms was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.684,2.154,8.592,10.742,8.998,9.872,all P<0.05),and there was significant difference in the incidence of depression among different levels of job burnout(χ^(2)=153.84,P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the 3 dimensions of job burnout were significantly positively correlated with depression(r=0.473,0.437,0.496,all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the 3 dimensions of job burnout were the main factors affecting depressive symptoms(β=0.516,0.764,0.675,all P<0.05).Conclusion Occupational burnout is the main influencing factor of depressive symptoms in coal miners.The higher the job burnout,the higher the possibility of depression,to promote the mental health of coal miners,related leaders should take corresponding targeted measures according to the different characteristics of them.