郑州市中学生非自杀性自伤行为与心理亚健康的关系

Association between non-suicidal self-injury behaviors and mental sub-health among middle school students in Zhengzhou City

目的了解郑州市中学生非自杀性自伤行为(NSSI)的流行特征和与心理亚健康的关系,为预防中学生非自杀性自伤行为的发生提供科学依据。方法2019年4—5月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法在郑州市抽取2所初中和2所高中2050名中学生进行问卷调查,分析中学生NSSI的检出情况及不同人口学特征与心理亚健康的关系。结果郑州市中学生NSSI检出率为38.25%,偶尔自伤行为检出率为19.96%,反复自伤行为检出率为18.30%。郑州市中学生常采用的自伤方式是“故意打自己”和“故意拽头发”。高中生偶尔自伤行为检出率高于初中生(P<0.01)。家庭月收入较高的中学生反复自伤行为检出率均低于家庭月收入<3000元的中学生(均P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,处于心理亚健康状态(OR=7.343)是中学生发生NSSI的危险因素;存在情绪问题(OR=2.290)、品行问题(OR=2.753)和社会适应困难(OR=1.909)是中学生发生NSSI的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论郑州市中学生NSSI检出率较高,与中学生心理亚健康有关,相关部门应注重心理疏导,采取相应干预措施,降低NSSI的发生。

Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behavior among middle school students in Zhengzhou City,explore its association with mental sub-health,and provide scientific evidence for preventing the occurrence of NSSI behavior in middle school students.Methods Totally 2050 students were collected from two junior high schools and two senior high schools by using stratified cluster random sampling method from April to May in 2019,and were surveyed with questionnaires in order to analyze the detection rate of NSSI,the different demographic characteristics and the association between NSSI and mental sub-health among middle school students.Results The detection rate of NSSI among middle school students in Zhengzhou City was 38.25%.The detection rate of occasional self-injury and frequent self-injury was 19.96%and 18.30%respectively.The frequently used forms of self-injury among middle school students in Zhengzhou City were"deliberately beating themselves"and"deliberately pulling hair".The detection rate of occasional self-injury behavior among high school students was higher than that of junior high school students(P<0.01).The detection rate of frequent self-injury behavior of middle school students with higher family monthly income was lower than that of middle school students with<3000 family monthly income(all P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that the mental sub-health state(OR=7.343)was the risk factor to cause NSSI among middle school students.The emotional problems(OR=2.290),conduct problems(OR=2.753)and social adaptation difficulties(OR=1.909)were independent risk factors for NSSI among middle school students.Conclusion The detection rate of NSSI among middle school students in Zhengzhou City is high.This is related to the mental health of middle school students.Relevant departments should pay attention to psychological counseling and take corresponding intervention measures to reduce the occurrence of NSSI.