中国共产党残疾人权益保障的百年历程及意义

The Centennial Course and Significance of the Protection of Rights and Interests of Persons w ith Disabilities by the Communist Party of China

中国共产党从建党初期就关心残疾人权益保障,在新民主主义革命时期和新中国成立后,都因时因地制宜采取过大量不同形式的保障措施。改革开放后,党领导的残疾人事业全面发展,尤其是十八大以来残疾人人权保障得到了创新性发展,残疾人真正作为平等的权利主体参与社会、共享发展。党保障残疾人权益的百年历程,展现了人道主义救助、人道主义保障和以人民为中心的人权保障三种保障思想的发展演变。残疾人的主要身份从革命的保护对象转变为医疗和社会福利事业的客体再到人权主体;权益保障的内容从以生存救助为主发展到包括教育、康复、就业等在内的全面综合的保障。残疾人作为人权主体的尊严、自主、平等和社会参与得到越来越突出的强调和彰显。

The Communist Party of China(CPC) has been concerned with the protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities since the early days of its founding.In the period of the New Democratic Revolution and after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, it has adopted a series of protective measures in various forms in line with local conditions.Since the reform and opening up, the cause of persons with disabilities has developed in an all-round way under the leadership of the CPC.Especially since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the protection of human rights for persons with disabilities has been developed in an innovative way, and persons with disabilities have been truly participating in social affairs and share development as equal subjects of rights.The centennial history of the Party’s protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities shows that the CPC’s ideas of human rights protection include humanitarian assistance, humanitarian protection, and people-centered human rights protection consecutively.The main identity of persons with disabilities has changed from the object of protection in the revolution to the object of medical care and social welfare, and to the subject of human rights.The content of protection of rights and interests has developed from survival assistance to comprehensive protection including education, rehabilitation, employment, etc.The dignity, autonomy, equality, and social participation of persons with disabilities as the subject of human rights have become increasingly prominent.