“外逃型”刑事缺席审判中权利保障体系的构建与完善

Construction and Improvement of the Rights Protection System in Trial by Default with the Defendant Fleeing Abroad

我国刑事缺席审判制度应正视被告人缺席的现实与不足,坚持"打击犯罪与保障人权并重"的价值理念,侧重"审判时在场"的权利属性并采纳"弃权说"的理论主张,着力构建包含被告人知情权、辩护权、上诉权和异议权在内的权利保障体系并不断加以完善。一是扩大知情权的内涵范围并完善域外送达制度;二是扩充辩护权行使的程序环节,在完善强制辩护制度的基础上进一步建立健全有效辩护制度;三是完善上诉权的行使规则,并在保障异议权的前提下进行合理限制,从而使我国刑事缺席审判实现人"缺席"但权利"不缺位"的应有效果。

It is necessary for the criminal trial by default system in China to face up to the reality and shortcomings of the defendant’s absence, adhere to the value concepts of "paying equal attention to combating crime and protecting human rights",focus on the right attribute of "presence at trial",adopt the theoretical proposition of "abstention",and strive to build and constantly improve the right protection system including the defendant’s right to know, right to defense, right of appeal and right of dissent.First, to expand the connotation of the right to know and improve the service abroad of documents system.Second, to extend the procedure of exercising the right of defense and further establish and improve the effective defense system on the basis of improving the compulsory defense system.Third, to improve the rules of exercising the right of appeal and set reasonable restrictions on the premise of guaranteeing the right of dissent, so that the criminal trial by default in China can achieve the due effect of "absence of defendant" but "no absence of rights".