福建省围填海管控的政策演进、存在的问题和优化建议

Policy Evolution,Existing Problems and Optimization Suggestions for Land-reclamation Management in Fujian Province

围填海作为人类开发利用海洋的重要方式,在促进福建省沿海地区经济快速发展的同时,也在一定程度上破坏了近岸海域的生态环境。当前,随着海洋生态环境问题的日益凸显,国家对海洋环境保护愈加重视,福建省的围填海管控政策也发生了一些变化。梳理了在国家政策指导下的福建省围填海管控政策,揭示出福建省围填海政策由鼓励开发到严格管控、由国家制定到引导自主拟定、由开发为重到开发保护并举的演变规律;在分析福建省围填海管控现状和存在问题的基础上,针对围填海管控前期、过渡期、中期和后期的工作提出了相应的优化建议。

Land-reclamation, as an important exploitation way for ocean, not only promoted the rapid development of oceanic economy in Fujian province, but also, to some extent, damaged the ecological environment of coastal waters. Presently, with the problems of oceanic ecology is becoming outstanding, the marine environmental protection is attracting increasingly attentions by the government and the management policy of land-reclamation in Fujian province also changed accordingly. This paper analyzed the policy evolution of land-reclamation management in the Fujian province under the guidance of national policies and classified the evolution process of land-reclamation policies into three stages, that was, from encouraging development to strict control, from national formulation to independent formulation under the guidance of nation, and from emphasizing development to both development and protection. Based on the analyses for present situation and existing problems of land-reclamation management in the Fujian province, the corresponding optimization suggestions were put forward for the works in the early stage, transitional stage,middle stage and later stage of land-reclamation management.