北京市怀柔科学城入驻企业职业病危害因素调查

Investigation on occupational hazards of enterprises in Huairou Science City

目的了解北京市怀柔科学城陆续入驻企业的职业卫生状况,探索其可能存在的职业病危害来源、分布和发展趋势,针对职业病危害识别结果提出防治策略,为今后科学城内重点行业职工提供健康保障。方法于2018年8月—2019年5月,采用现况调查的方法,对陆续入驻科学城的5家企业及接触职业病危害因素的企业职工进行问卷调查,调查内容主要包括企业和职工的基本情况、职业卫生情况、职业卫生知识认知情况、一般健康知识认知情况和相关需求等。结果本次对入驻科学城的5家重点企业进行问卷调查,收集到3家企业信息,2家由于未涉及危害因素和涉密等原因未反馈,向接触职业病危害因素的职工发放个人问卷119份,回收有效问卷79份(男性75人,女性4人,平均年龄为32.83岁),其中部分接害人员以工作忙为由,配合度不高,未收回问卷40份,有效率66.4%。职工与企业签订劳动合同以定期续签合同为主,占65.8%;仅有30.4%的职工比较清楚《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》,3.8%的职工不知道《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》;98.7%的职工希望了解作业场所存在的职业病危害因素、提供个人防护用品和参加职业健康检查,仅有1.3%的职工不希望或无所谓。结论北京市怀柔区科学城建设刚刚起步,职业病防治体系尚未健全,重视程度亟待提高,潜在职业卫生问题不容忽视,应进一步加强企业和职工职业卫生管理和知识培训等工作,健全科学城职业卫生管理体系。

Objective To understand the occupational health status of enterprises gradually settled in Huairou Science City of Beijing,explore the sources,distribution and development trend of possible occupational hazards,put forward prevention strategies based on the identification results of occupational hazards,and provide health protection for employees in key industries in the Science City in the future. Methods From August 2018 to May 2019,a questionnaire survey was conducted on employees exposed to occupational hazards in five enterprises gradually settled in Huairou Science City by the cross-sectional survey method. The survey mainly included the basic information of enterprises and employees,occupational health,cognition of occupational health knowledge,cognition of general health knowledge and relevant demands. Results Among the five key enterprises of Huairou Science City in questionnaire survey,the information of three enterprises was obtained,and two enterprises did not respond the survey due to the absence of occupational hazard factors and confidentiality. 119 personal questionnaires were distributed to employees exposed to occupational factors,79 valid questionnaires were collected(including 75 males and 4 females,average age was 32.83 years old). Among them,some employees refused to cooperate on the ground of busy work,so 40 questionnaires were not collected,with an effective rate of 66.4%. Regular renewal of labor contracts between employees and enterprises accounted for65.8%. Only 30.4% of workers knew the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases,while 3.8% of workers did not know the law. 98.7% of workers wanted to know about occupational factors in the workplace,provide personal protective equipment and participate in occupational health examinations,while only 1.3% did not want or did not care. Conclusion The construction of Huairou Science City has just started,and the occupational disease prevention system has not been improved,so it is urgent to pay more attention to it. The potential occupational health problems should not be ignored,and the occupational health management and knowledge training of enterprises and employees should be further strengthened to improve the occupational health management system of Huairou Science City.