我国抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间新闻媒体关于护士报道的内容分析

Content analysis of mainstream media reports on nurses during COVID-19 in China

目的:从我国新闻媒体报道角度分析抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间护士的媒体形象,为未来展示护士公众形象提供依据。方法:以新闻媒体刊载的抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间的护士报道为研究对象,系统检索自2020年1月1日至5月15日期间6个我国主流媒体关于护士的报道。采用混合内容分析法,对纳入报道的表面特征(如报道人物、报道地点和报道体裁等)进行提取、归纳和定量统计,并且对纳入报道的内容特征(即护士媒体形象)进行定性分析。结果:共纳入637篇报道,体裁以通讯为主,报道对象涉及护理管理者、青年护士、男护士等。提取17个典型编码,归纳出:勇往直前的逆行者、尽职尽责的救治者、专业实践的创新者、敢于担当的年轻人、顶半边天的男护士、啃硬骨头的管理者和情感真实的普通人7个护士媒体形象。结论:我国新闻媒体在抗击新冠肺炎疫情期间对护士的全面报道是护理专业一次良好的媒体形象塑造,但对护士专业实践创新和改善患者结局的报道和解读还不丰富,应推动护士媒体形象向更专业、更深刻的方向发展。

Objective:To analyze the media images of nurses during COVID-19 from the perspective of China's mainstream media reports.Methods:Systematically search the reports about nurses in the six national media during the COVID-19 epidemic from January 1,2020 to May 15,2020.Mixed content analysis was used to extract,induce and quantify the surface features of the included reports,such as the reported characters,places and genres and to qualitatively analyze the potential features of the included reports,namely as the media image of nurses.Results:A total of 637 reports were included finally with communication as the main genre.Nursing administrators,young nurses and male nurses were the main report objects.By extracting 17 typical codes,a total of 7 media images were concluded,which were the courageous countermarching people,the devoted rescuers,the conscientious innovators,the responsible young people,the male nurses who hold up half of the sky,the administrators who crack a hard nut and the ordinary people with true emotions.Conclusion:The mainstream media in China described the multiple media image of nurses during COVID-19,but the reports and interpretations of nurses'professional practice innovation and improving patient outcomes are not abundant enough.It is expected to promote more professional and profound media image of nurses in the future.