脊髓损伤患者病耻感现状及影响因素研究

Stigma and its related factors in patients with Spinal Cord Injury

目的:调查脊髓损伤患者病耻感现状并分析其影响因素。方法:2018年9月至2019年12月,采用便利抽样方法选取安徽省某三级甲等医院脊柱外科188例脊髓损伤患者为研究对象,用一般资料调查表、社会影响量表、感知压力问卷、领悟社会支持量表、一般自我效能感量表进行调查。结果:脊髓损伤患者病耻感得分(55.98±10.73)分;婚姻状况、文化程度、ASIA残损分级、损伤严重程度、感知压力、领悟社会支持、自我效能感是患者病耻感的影响因素,共解释总变异的75.3%。结论:脊髓损伤患者病耻感处于中等水平,医护人员应重视陪伴支持和沟通交流的力量,降低患者感知压力水平,提高应对能力,减少病耻感的产生。

Objective:To investigate the stigma and its related factors in patients with Spinal Cord Injury(SCI).Methods:Totally 188 patients with SCI were included by convenience sampling from a tertiary grade A hospital in Anhui province during September 2018 to December 2019.The general information questionnaire,Social Impact Scale,Perceived Stress Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale,and General Self-Efficacy Scale were used to collected data.Results:The score of stigma in patients with SCI was 55.98±10.73.The related factors of stigma included the status of marriage,education level,ASIA disability grade,injury severity,perceived stress,perceived social support and self-efficacy,which accounted for 75.3%of the total variation.Conclusion:Stigma in patients with SCI was at a moderate level.Providing patients with more companionship,support and communication would be benefit to reduce the pressure,improve their coping ability and reduce the stigma.