红心番木瓜色素提取及稳定性

The Extraction and Stability of Pigment from Carica papaya L.Red Pulp

以红心番木瓜果肉为原料,乙醇为提取剂,采用单因素试验与正交试验开展番木瓜色素提取工艺研究。通过探究金属离子、pH、光照、食品添加剂、氧化还原剂对番木瓜色素的影响,开展番木瓜色素稳定性研究。结果表明,番木瓜色素最佳提取条件为乙醇体积分数95%、提取温度55℃、料液比1︰5(g/mL)、提取时间1.5 h。番木瓜色素在酸性和中性环境中稳定,对氧化剂,金属离子Ca^(2+)、K^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Na^(+)以及食品添加剂葡萄糖、苯甲酸钠、抗坏血酸、柠檬酸的稳定性好;但色素不耐光照,在碱性环境中不稳定,对还原剂和Zn^(2+)的稳定性差。番木瓜色素适宜在避光、酸性或中性条件下保存,避免与还原剂和Zn^(2+)接触。

Using the red pulp of Carica papaya L.as raw material and ethanol as extractive solvent,the extraction technology of Carica papaya L.pigment was studied by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The effects of metal ions,p H,light,food additives,oxidant and reductant on the stability of Carica papaya L.pigment were studied.The results showed that the optimum extraction condition of Carica papaya L.pigment was ethanol concentration 95%,extraction temperature 55℃,solid-liquid ratio 1︰5(g/mL)and extraction time 1.5 h.The Carica papaya L.pigment was stable in acidic and neutral environment,and had good stability to oxidant,metal ions Ca^(2+),K^(+),Mg^(2+),Na^(+),and food additives such as glucose,sodium benzoate,ascorbic acid and citric acid.However,the pigment was not resistant to light,unstable in alkaline environment,and had poor stability to reducing agent and Zn^(2+).The Carica papaya L.pigment was suitable to be stored in dark,acid or neutral condition,and should avoid contacting with reducing agent and Zn^(2+).